Breaking the Outbreak: Rethinking Skin-Related STIs and the Stigma Around Herpes and Warts

Skin-related sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like genital herpes and warts are more common than many realise. Yet, due to stigma and misinformation, they remain widely misunderstood. According to Dr. Pravin Banodkar, Lead Dermatologist and Co-Founder of SkinBB, genital herpes, caused mainly by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), is a prevalent condition, affecting a significant portion of adults aged 18 to 50.

Despite millions of new cases reported globally each year, it remains surrounded by shame and secrecy, preventing open discussions that could lead to better management and awareness.

Genital herpes and warts, both caused by viral infections, have significant physical and emotional effects. Dr. Shifa Yadav, Consultant, Dermatology and Cosmetology at Artemis Hospitals, explains that genital herpes leads to painful blisters, ulcers, and swollen lymph nodes.

Some people experience recurrent outbreaks, while others carry the virus asymptomatically, unknowingly spreading it to partners. Genital warts, on the other hand, are caused by low-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV), presenting as small, flesh-colored bumps in the genital or anal area. While low-risk HPV causes warts, high-risk types are linked to cervical, anal, and throat cancers.

The stigma surrounding these infections is deeply rooted in myths and misconceptions. Dr. Banodkar points out that many believe genital herpes is a sign of promiscuity or poor hygiene, but the reality is that anyone who is sexually active can contract it. Since herpes can be transmitted even without visible symptoms, many individuals are unaware they carry the virus.

Dr. Yadav adds that this stigma discourages people from seeking medical help, leading to increased transmission rates and complications. Fear of judgment can result in delayed diagnoses, worsening physical symptoms and emotional distress.

Preventing the spread of skin-related STIs requires education and proactive healthcare measures. According to Dr. Yadav, essential steps include:

• Safe Sexual Practices: While condoms and dental dams reduce the risk of transmission, they do not completely eliminate it, as herpes and HPV can spread through skin-to-skin contact.
• Regular STI Screenings: Many infections are asymptomatic, so routine testing ensures early detection and appropriate management.
• Vaccination: The HPV vaccine is a crucial tool in preventing high-risk strains associated with cancer and genital warts.
• Open Communication: Honest discussions about STIs with partners and healthcare providers can help break the cycle of shame and misinformation.

For those diagnosed with genital herpes, Dr. Banodkar says that antiviral medications such as acyclovir and valacyclovir can manage symptoms, reduce outbreaks, and lower transmission risk. Lifestyle adjustments, stress management, and immune-boosting strategies, including antioxidants, can also help in reducing recurrence.

As cases of skin-related STIs continue to rise, it is essential to challenge outdated beliefs and prioritise education over stigma. Dr. Yadav stresses that these infections do not define an individual’s character or lifestyle; they are common viral conditions requiring medical attention and responsible management. By fostering open conversations, encouraging safe sexual practices, and promoting early diagnosis, society can create a more supportive and informed approach to sexual health.

Ultimately, breaking the stigma around herpes, warts, and other skin-related STIs is not just about awareness—it is about ensuring that those affected receive care, support, and respect without fear of judgement.

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