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Among the many neurological disorders that puzzle both patients and doctors, gyratory seizures stand out as one of the rarest and most unusual types of seizures. They are characterised by continuous, involuntary rotational movements of the body around its vertical axis.
According to Dr Rajesh Gupta, Director of Neurology at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj, “These seizures involve forceful turning or spinning of the body in a circular motion.” The affected individual may rotate repeatedly to one side, sometimes even moving across a room due to the force of the movement.
“This rare form of seizure is typically associated with abnormal activity in the brain’s frontal lobe, particularly the supplementary motor area, which is responsible for controlling motor function and coordination,” says Dr Rajesh Gupta, Director of Neurology at Max Super Speciality Hospital, Patparganj. Dr Gupta explains.
Causes and Triggers of Gyratory Seizures
Dr Gupta says that gyratory seizures, like many seizure disorders, arise from abnormal electrical activity within the brain. Several underlying conditions may trigger this rare phenomenon:
- Epilepsy: “Individuals with focal epilepsy, especially those involving the frontal lobe, are more susceptible to gyratory seizures,” says Dr Gupta.
- Brain Tumours: Structural abnormalities, including tumours, can interfere with normal brain function and contribute to seizure activity.
- Head Trauma: A history of traumatic brain injury is a recognised risk factor.
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Certain congenital or genetic conditions may predispose individuals to this rare type of seizure, Dr Gupta adds.
Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches
Diagnosing gyratory seizures can be complex. Dr Gupta stresses the importance of detailed clinical observation combined with advanced diagnostic tools. “Electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring plays a crucial role in detecting abnormal brain activity,” he explains. Imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans further aid in identifying structural causes that may underlie the seizures.
When it comes to treatment, Dr Gupta says that the cornerstone of managing gyratory seizures is antiepileptic medication, carefully chosen and tailored to each patient’s needs. “However, in cases where medication fails to control the seizures, surgical interventions like tumour removal or vagus nerve stimulation may be considered,” he adds.
Early Detection is Key
Gyratory seizures remain a challenging neurological phenomenon—both for those affected and for the medical professionals treating them. Dr Gupta concludes, “Early diagnosis and timely, appropriate management are critical in improving the quality of life for patients. As with many neurological disorders, recognising the symptoms and seeking expert care at the earliest can make a significant difference.”
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